PharmaPHILIA - Extracting Concepts Of Medical With Rph FIA

  Right answers with explanation Correct answer : A  Reference : lipincott 

  Amebiasis infection of intestinal tract by Entamoeba histolytica  Lifecycle of Entamoeba histolytica  Two forms… 1. Cyst: survive out of the body…2.Labile/Invasive: cannot survive out of thebody….Cyst ingested through feces-contaiminated food…pass into the lumen…  where Trpohozites liberated,multiply,invade/ulcerate Mucosa of Large Intestine…  Amoeba‟s major food intestinal flora…slowly carried toward Rectum,converted into cyst & excreted in feces  Large no. of Trophozoites within Colon wall lead to systemic invasion. Mixed amoebicides  Metronidazole DOC in Amoebic infection, Pseudomembraneous colitis…Nitroimidazole Active for both Luminal & Systemic amoeba MOA :  Nitrogen of Metronidazole converted Nitro Radical…Act as electron Acceptor…  form reduced cytotoxic compound….bind to Ferodoxin-Like low redox potential ELECTRON-TRANSPORT PROTEIN…cell death  S.E Metallic taste, Oral moniliasis… Tinidazole= sec-generation Nitro-imidaz...

  Mycobacteria  rod shaped, lipid-rich cell wall, satin poorly with Gram stain, but once stained , walls cannot decolorized easily so called “Acid-Fast”. Most common bacteria Tuberculosis…Diagnosed by Tuberclin-Skin test with PPD (Purified protein derivative) or by IGRA (interferon Gamma Releas essay), Quntiferon-TB Gold.  Chemotherapy for Tuberculosis Mycobacteria tuberculosis caused Tuberculosis i.e infection of lungs, genitourinary tract,Skeleton, Meninges. 👉 Organism grow slowly, difficult to culture, take 6month to 2yr for treatment. Stratgies to address Drug Resistance:  combination of “First-line” initial short-course for 2month with Isoniazid,Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide…… then “continuation phase” Isoniazid & Rifampicin for 4 months. DOT progaramme “Directly Observed Therapy” pt. observed when take medicine to↓resistance. Isoniazid (Bacteriostatic /Bactericidal) Hydrozyde of Isonicotinic acid...synthetic analogue of Pyridoxine… MOA: ...