PharmaPHILIA - Extracting Concepts Of Medical With Rph FIA

  Thrombus= A clot that adheres to vessel wall Embolus= intravascular clot that floats in the blood Platelet aggregation inhibitor Platelet Aggregation =Stimulation of Platelets by Thrombin, Collagen and ADP… Activation of Phospholipase..liberate Arachidonic acid..Arachidonic acid convert into Prostaglandin H2(PG) by COX-1….PG H2 convert into TX A2 ..cause aggregation Fibrinogen attach GP IIb/IIIa receptor..cross-linking..aggregation of platelets Aspirin= inhibit COX1 by irreversible Acetylation of Serine…Arachidonic acid not convert into TX A2…..inhibit aggregation Also inhibit TX A2 Synthetase…activate Prostacyclin...furthur inhibition of aggregation… Ibuprofen anatagonize platelet inhibition by Aspirin Aspirin is only NSAID that irreversibly exhibit antithrombotic property…81mg of Aspirin known as “Baby Aspirin”….S.E; bleeding time prolong Clopidogrel, Ticlopidine, Prasugrul= MOA= irreversibly inhibit binding of ADP to GP IIb/IIIa…inhibit activation of receptor…inhibit...

  Hypertension= sustained systolic B.P of >140mmHg or a sustained Diastolic B.P of >90mmHg  DASH= Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension…include fruit, vegetables, low fat dairy products, low in fat cholesterol & sodium Renin inhibitors Aliskerin= directly inhibit RENIN….contraindicated in Pregnancy…cause cough, angioedema, hyperkalemia, diarrhea   Centrally acting adrenergic drugs Clonidine=α2-agonist...Centrally decrease Adrenergic outflow …decrease sympathetic firing rate &noeepinephrine release….  Useful in Hypertension complicated by renal  disease…..cause Na+ water retention... rebound hypertension occur     α 2-Methyldopa = converted into MethylNorepinephrine….. Centrally decrease Adrenergic outflow ….decrease total peripheral resistance& B.P … treat Hypertenson   with Renal Impairment……cause sedation, dizziness...can be used in pregnancy Vasodilators MOA=direct smooth muscle relaxant…vasodilation....

  Angina Pectoris =Sudden, severe pressing chest pain radiating to the Neck, Jaw, Back,Arms Due to decrease Coronory blood flow, insufficient O2 to meet the demands of Myocardium, leading to ISCHEMIA . Types of Angina 1) Effort-Induced Angina ,Classic/Stable Angina/Typical/Atherosclerotic Angina Short-lasting, heavy or Squeezing feeling in the chest…due to reduction of coronary perfusion due to obstruction of Coronory Artery by Atherosclerosis.. Nitroglycerin used  Developed during work i.e Exercise, physical activity, emotional excitement  2) Unstable Angina  Chest pain occur with increased frequency, duration, intensity by less effort… lasts for 20 minutes… 3) Prinzmetal/Variant/Vasospastic/Rest Angina  Due to coronary artery spasm 4) Mixed form Angina  5) Acute Coronory Syndrome Organic Nitrates Nitroglycerine & Nitrites= Isosorbide Mononitrate & dinitrate are solid at room temp… Nitroglycerine volatile at room temp….Amylnitrate extrem...