PharmaPHILIA - Extracting Concepts Of Medical With Rph FIA

 Thiazide Diuretics Sulphonamide derivative..related in structure to Carbonic Anhydrase….partly depend on renal PG synthesis Act on DISTAL CONVULATED TUBULE….called Ceiling Diuretics b/c increase in dose above normal dose not increase Diuretic response MOA= Act on distal tubules...inhibit Na+/CI- Cotransporter…decrease Reabsorption of Na+….increased Excretion of Na+ & CI-..Loss of K+..Loss of Mg++..decreased excretion of Ca++…reduced peripheral Vascular Resistance T.E= used in Hypertension, HF (decrease extracellular volume), Hypercalciuria,Diabetes Insipidus…… excreted thhroughorganic acid secretary sys of kidney S.E= Hypokalemia, Hyonatremia, HyperUricemia (by decreasing excretion of uricacid from organic acid secretary sys), Volume depletion, Hypercalcemia, Hyperglycemia,Hyperlipidemia, Hypersensitivity Loop Diuretics Act on ASCENDING LOOP OF HENLE….high Efficacy…Ethacrynic acid has Steeper Dose Response Curve….Bumetanide more potent MOA= inhbit Na+/K+/2CI-Cotransport in ...

 HMG CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)  3-Hydroxy-3-MethylGlutryl-Coenzyme A reductase inhibitors lower LDL Cholesterol level..Rate limiting step Cholesterol synthesis MOA =Statin inhibit HMG Co A reductase ...which convert HMG CoA into Mevalonic Acid which convert into Cholesterol…decrease conc. Of Cholesterol within cell Low intracellular Cholesterol stimulate synthesis of LDL receptor…Increased LDL receptor promote uptake of LDL from blood Low intracellular Cholesterol decrease Secretion of VLDL Increase plasma HDL level T.E= All types of Hyperlipidemia…..Familial Hypercholeserolemia lack LDL receptor so benefit less S.E= myopathies, rhabdomylysis, increase LFT, t1/2 1.5-2hr...Lova & Simva prodrug Contraindicated in pregnancy & lactation, teenage & children… Niacin (Nicotinic acid)  reduce LDL(Bad cholesterol), increase HDL(good  cholesterol ) MOA =inhibit Lipolysis in Adipose tissue…decrease level of Free Fatty Acids..liver use these Free Fatty A...

Inhibit the co-agulation by inhibiting Thrombin or Vit K anatagonists Heparin =Glycosaminoglycan…have negative charge…Acidic due to Sulphate & Carboxylicacid group….high moleculat weight…extracted from Porcine Intestinal Mucosa Complexed with Histamine in Mast cells…Low molecular weigh heparin(LMWH)<6000 MOA =interact with AntiThrombin lll…speed up process of anti-coagulant ofn Antithrombin LMWH complex with Antithrombin & Inactivate Factor Xa…Prothrombin not convert into Thrombin…no formation of fibrin T.E= used in Deep Vein Thrombosis…pulmonary embolism...Prophylactically in Pt. to avoid Postoperative thrombus during Elective surgery Do not cross placenta...used in Pregnant women with Prosthetic heart valve P.K =i.v administer...I/M inj leads to Hematoma formation…1-2hr t1/2…4hr of LMWH.. Titrate the infusion forr7-10 days so aPTT (activated Partial Thromboplastin time) b/w 1.5-2.5…. .taken up by Monocyte/Macrophage Sys for metabolismS.E= Hemorrhage...used Protamine sulph...